Using WEPS with Measured Data

Introduction

The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) is designed to simulate soil loss by wind from cultivated fields by simulating weather and field conditions (Wagner, 1997). In some situations however, WEPS may be run using measured or simulated data from other models. This is typically done to validate various components or submodels of WEPS, particularly the erosion portion of the model. For example, a user may have measured soil loss data and limited weather and soil data. This user can input the measured weather and soil data to compare the model soil loss with the measured loss. This section will explore the use of WEPS with measured or other simulated data.

WEPS is a process-based, continuous, daily time-step model that simulates weather, field conditions, and erosion by wind. It has the capability of simulating spatial and temporal variability of a field's soil, crop, and residue conditions and soil loss/deposition within a field. The saltation/creep, suspension, and PM10 components of eroding material are also reported separately by direction. The WEPS model is modular, with submodels that simulate weather, soil conditions, crop growth, residue decomposition, management operations, and soil loss by wind. It is designed to be used by the USDA-NRCS, under a wide range of conditions throughout the United States. With proper inputs however, WEPS is easily adapted to other parts of the world.

In typical applications, input files are created within the user interface, which supplies these files to the science portion of the model to calculate field conditions and erosion. WEPS requires the following input files for a simulation run: a 'Run file', WINDGEN file', 'CLIGEN file', 'Soil file', and a 'Management file'. These files can be modified with measured or other data and run with WEPS under certain constraints. All input files except the Management file, may be easily altered using a standard text editor or the WEPS user interface to reflect measured data. All input files must be formatted to meet the requirements for WEPS. These input files and considerations for their creation with measured data are described in this Appendix.

It is important to note that the purpose of the WEPS model is to simulate changes in field conditions as a result of management and weather to estimate wind erosion. To simulate these changes in field conditions, WEPS is intended for simulations of multiple-day periods of time. If one desires to simulate only a single storm, field conditions are essentially static and the full WEPS model is not necessary. To simulate single erosion events of one day or less, the standalone erosion submodel is recommended. The use of the standalone submodel is also described in this Appendix.

WEPS can be run from either the interface or the command line. Users typically will run the model through the interface, in which modified input files can be selected. See the individual input file descriptions for information on how to select modified files within the interface. Some input files are best modified within the interface (e.g., soil and management files), whereas others require some sort of separate editing or creation with a separate program (e.g., weather files). Files that are modified by the user but input via the interface must be placed in the appropriate project directory (i.e., folder). Those wishing to run WEPS via the command line are advised to see the section titled "Flags and Command Line Options" in the WEPS User Manual.

Output files obtained from WEPS are described elsewhere in the WEPS User Manual. For additional assistance using measured data with WEPS, please contact WERU (office@weru.ksu.edu) or go to (http://www.weru.ksu.edu/weps).

Run File

The default file name of the WEPS run file is 'weps.run'. This file contains general information for a simulation run, including the dates of the simulation, the field and barrier dimensions, the field location, and the path and names of the other input files. The 'run file' parameters can be modified to match the parameters for the field simulated. The list of the other input files should specify the path and name of measured data to be used. This file contains comments (indicated by a '#' in column one) which describes each line of input data to aid in checking and modifying input data.

An example Run File is shown in Figure 1.8. Note that lines beginning with '#' character are comment lines. Lines beginning with '# RFD' are comments used by the interface. Some of the parameters are critical to the science model (SC), some are critical to the operation of the interface (IC), and some are critical to both (SC+IC); others are not critical to either (NC). An example of non-critical parameters would be the User Name, which does not affect the operation of WEPS and is used for informational purposes only. In all cases however, some sort of 'placeholder' is required, even for non-critical parameters. In other words, blank lines are not allowed and each expected line must be present and filled with some characters.

The interface is a simple way to input data into the Run file and is recommended. The information herein is presented for the benefit of those users who wish to modify the input file themselves.

Run File Parameters:

--USER INFORMATION

UserName - This character variable holds the user name. (NC)

FieldNo - This character variable is a part of a field tract that is separated by permanent boundaries. (NC) Note that FieldNo, TractNo, FarmNo, RunMode, RunCycle, and RotCycle are all entered on one line, with each parameter separated by the pipe "|" symbol.

TractNo - This character variable is often used by FSA and NRCS to identify a field. (NC)

FarmNo - This character variable is a farm identification number. (NC)

RunMode - This character variable specifies the type of run length as either the NRCS method (specifies a fixed number of cycles), use simulation run start and end dates on the main screen, or specify the use of management rotation cycles on the main screen. (IC)

RunCycle - This variable specifies the number of management rotation cycles to simulate in a WEPS run. (IC)

RotCycle - This character variable specifies the number of years in the rotation cycle. (IC)

SiteCounty and SiteState - This character variable specifies the county and state to be simulated. (NC)

--SITE INFORMATION

LatitudeSign - This parameter is used to specify the specify the hemisphere of the latitude. Enter a plus sign (+) for the Northern hemisphere and a minus sign (-) for the Southern hemisphere. (IC)

Latitude -The latitude of the location modeled in degrees and fraction of degrees. The CLIGEN and WINDGEN stations nearest to the center of the location county will then be determined by the interface and listed. Latitude is also used by the science model to determine day length and time of sunrise. (SC+IC)

LongitudeSign - This parameter is used to specify the specify the hemisphere of the longitude. Enter a plus sign (+) for the Eastern hemisphere and a minus sign (-) for the Western hemisphere. (IC)

Longitude -The longitude of the location modeled in degrees and fraction of degrees. The CLIGEN and WINDGEN stations nearest to the center of the location county will be determined by the interface. Longitude is used by the science model to determine day length and time of sunrise. (SC+IC)

Elevation (meters) - The average elevation for the location to be modeled in the units of measure displayed on the screen (feet or meters). The science model requires elevation in meters, and converts feet to meters. (SC+IC)

CliGenStationID - The name of the CLIGEN station used to generate many of the weather parameters for WEPS. (IC)

WindGenStationID - The name of WINDGEN station used to generate the wind parameters for WEPS. (IC)

--SIMULATION PERIOD

StartDate (day, month, year) - The "Start Date" is the date from which you want the simulation to begin. The format is the numerical value for day, month (e.g., 03 for March), and year (two or four characters), each value separated by a blank space. (SC+IC)

A typical run begins on January 1 and ends on December 31 with multiple years of simulation. For those using WEPS with historical data however, other start and ending days and months may be entered. The correctness of output has not been tested in these situations.

EndDate (day, month, year) - The "End Date" is the date on which you want the simulation to end. The format is the numerical value for day, month (e.g., 03 for March), and year (two or four characters), each separated by a blank space. (SC+IC)

A typical run begins on January 1 and ends on December 31 with multiple years of simulation. For those using WEPS with historical data however, other start and ending days and months may be entered. The correctness of output has not been tested in these situations.

TimeSteps (per day) - The number of time steps per day used for the daily distribution of simulated wind speed for erosion calculations. If none is entered through the interface Configuration Screen, the number of time steps is assumed to be 24. (SC)

--RUN FILE NAMES (INPUT)

climate file - This character variable holds the path and CLIGEN input file name. (SC+IC)

wind file - This character variable holds the path and WINDGEN input file name. (SC+IC)

soil file - This character variable holds the path and soil input file name. (SC+IC)

management file - This character variable holds the path and management input file name. (SC+IC)

--WEPS OUTPUT OPTIONS

OutputFile - This character variable holds the path and general output file name. (SC+IC)

ReportForm - This variable was intended to hold six (6) flags for selecting various general report forms, but is not used in the current version of WEPS. (NC)

OutputPeriod - This variable was intended to hold a flag for selecting the period of output, but is not used in the current version of WEPS. (NC)

SubmodelOutput - This variable holds numerical flags to print detailed reports for various submodels. Submodel detail report flags are described elsewhere in the WEPS User Manual. (SC+IC)

DebugOutput - This variable holds numerical flags to print debug reports for various submodels. Submodel debug report flags are described elsewhere in the WEPS User Manual. (SC+IC)

--SIMULATION REGION INFORMATION

RegionAngle (degrees from North) - This is the angle of the field with respect to North. (SC enter angle 0-360 decrees, clockwise from North) or (IC enter angle up to +/- 45 degrees)

SimCoords1 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the origin of the simulation region. This is typically the lower left corner for the North-South oriented rectangular simulation region. (SC+IC)

SimCoords2 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the opposite corner of the simulation region (furthest from the origin). This is typically the upper right corner for the North-South oriented rectangular simulation regions. (SC+IC)

ScaleFactors - These two variables were intended to hold scale factors for displaying the simulation region in the interface, but are not used in the current version of WEPS. (NC)

AcctRegNo - This variable holds the number of accounting regions in the simulation region. If more than one accounting region is present (i.e., AcctRegNo > 1), then the accounting region coordinates are repeated in succession to account for each accounting region. (SC+IC)

AcctCoords1 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the origin of the accounting region. This is typically the lower left corner for the North-South oriented rectangular accounting region. (SC+IC)

AcctCoords2 (meters)- These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the opposite corner of the accounting region (furthest from the origin). This is typically the upper right corner for the North-South oriented rectangular accounting regions. (SC+IC)

SubRegNo - This variable holds the number of subregions in the simulation region. If more than one accounting region is present (i.e., SubRegNo > 1), then the subregion coordinates are repeated in succession to account for each subregion. (SC+IC)

SubCoords1 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the origin of the current subregion. This is typically the lower left corner for the North-South oriented rectangular subregion. (SC+IC)

SubCoords2 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the opposite corner of the subregion (furthest from the origin). This is typically the upper right corner for the North-South oriented rectangular subregions. (SC+IC)

AverageSlope (%) - The average slope of the subregion. This information is now obtained from the soil input file. (NC)

-- BARRIERS

NumberBar - This variable holds the number of barriers in the simulation region. If more than one barrier is present (i.e., NumberBar > 1), then the barrier information (i.e., barrier coordinates and parameters) are repeated in succession to account for each barrier. (SC+IC)

BarrierCoords1 (meters) - These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the origin of the barrier. This is typically the lower left corner of the barrier. (SC+IC)

BarrierCoords2 (meters) -These two variables hold the X and Y coordinates of the opposite corner of the barrier (furthest from the origin). This is typically the upper right corner of the barrier. (SC+IC)

BarrierType - This character variable specifies the name of the type of barrier. (NC)

BarrierHeight (meters) - This parameter is the barrier average height. (SC+IC)

BarrierWidth (meters) - This parameter is the barrier average width (not length). (SC+IC)

BarrierPorosity (%) - The barrier porosity is expressed as an optical porosity. It is the open space as viewed looking perpendicular through the barrier expressed as a percentage of the total area (i.e., ((1.0 - silhouette area) x 100).

#------------ WEPS SIMULATION RUN FILE ------------

# Note: Lines beginning with '#' are comment lines.

# Lines beginning with '# RFD' are comments used by the interface.

#

# --USER INFORMATION

# RFD-UserName

Dustin Fields

# RFD-FieldNo RFD-TractNo RFD-FarmNo RFD-RunMode RFD-RunCycle RFD-RotCycle

789 | 456 | 123 | cycle | 2 | 2

# RFD-SiteCounty and SiteState

Finney, Kansas

#

# --SITE INFORMATION

# RFD-LatitudeSign RFD-Latitude

+38.00

# RFD-LongitudeSign RFD-Longitude

-100.66

# RFD-Elevation (meters)

801

# RFD-CliGenStationID

CIMARRON

# RFD-WindGenStationID

GARDEN CITY MUNI

#

# --SIMULATION PERIOD

# RFD-StartDate (day_month_year)

01 01 01

# RFD-EndDate (day_month_year)

31 12 4

# RFD-TimeSteps (per_day)

24

#

# --RUN FILE NAMES (INPUT)

# RFD-climate file

cli_gen.cli

# RFD-wind file

win_gen.win

# RFD-sub-daily file

none

# RFD-SoilFile

Otero_101OF_100_FSL.ifc

# RFD-ManageFile

KS_wheat_fallow.man

#

# --WEPS OUTPUT OPTIONS

# RFD-OutputFile

output.tmp

# RFD-ReportForm

0 0 0 0 0 0

# RFD-OutputPeriod

2

# RFD-SubmodelOutput

0 0 0 0 0 0

# RFD-DebugOutput

0 0 0 0 0

#

# --SIMULATION REGION INFORMATION

# RFD-RegionAngle (deg_clockwise_north)

21

# RFD-SimCoords1 (meters)

0.0 0.0

# RFD-SimCoords2 (meters)

1500.2 1500

# RFD-ScaleFactors (place holder - needed for older versions of WEPS)

5.5 5.5

#

# RFD-AcctRegNo

1

# RFD-AcctCoords1 (meters)

0.0 0.0

# RFD-AcctCoords2 (meters)

1500.2 1500

#

# RFD-SubregionNo

1

# RFD-SubCoords1 (meters)

0.0 0.0

# RFD-SubCoords2 (meters)

1500.2 1500

# RFD-AverageSlope (%)

0.50

# --BARRIERS

# RFD-NumberBar

2

# RFD-BarrierCoord1 (meters)

-1 0

# RFD-BarrierCoords2 (meters)

0 1500

# RFD-BarrierType

Snow fence

# RFD-BarrierHeight (meters)

1.2

# RFD-BarrierWidth (meters)

1

# RFD-BarrierPorosity (%)

0.6

# RFD-BarrierCoord (meters)

0 -2

1500.2 0

# RFD-BarrierType

Sorghum(2 row)

# RFD-BarrierHeight (meters)

2

# RFD-BarrierWidth (meters)

2

# RFD-BarrierPorosity (%)

0.5

#

#---------- END OF SIMULATION RUN FILE ------------

Weather Files

WEPS runs are made for multiple years in full-year increments beginning on January 1. If only a partial year of weather data is available (typical), the user has two options. One option is to substitute measured data within the simulated weather file for the desired location, and observe the output for the period with measured data. For this option, the user should note that the field conditions cannot be input into the simulation at the point the measured data begins (although future versions of WEPS with this capability are planned). The field conditions will be the result of the simulation up to that point and may not exactly match actual field conditions for the measured data site. The second option is to use the stand-alone Erosion model (described later) for single-day simulations. Two weather files are required by the full WEPS model, a WINDGEN file and a CLIGEN file.

If alternative weather files are to be used in the full WEPS model, they are input through the interface. Alternative weather files are designated by first checking the appropriate wind or climate box in the "Run" tab of the "Configuration" window, then entering the file name and path or choosing the file by clicking the folder icon on the "Location Information" panel of the main screen.

WINDGEN File

The WINDGEN file extension is "win" (e.g., wind_gen.win). This file contains both the wind speed (m s-1) on a subdaily time step and one wind direction (degrees clockwise from North) for each day of the simulation. If more than one wind direction is measured for the day (typical), an average wind direction should be calculated. A wind direction can be calculated by using average weighted by wind speed. This weighting is recommended to provide more weight to stronger, erosive winds. Average wind direction for a day is calculated as:

where

k = number of directions per day,

Si = wind speed (any units),

Ti = wind directions (0 - 360 degrees),

Tu = average wind direction (0 - 360 degrees). If Tu < 0, then Tu = Tu + 360.

The subdaily wind speeds, are by default, the average hourly speeds (i.e., 24, 1-hour averages of point measurements), but can be of other time steps of equal length (e.g., 96, 15-minute averages of point measurements) if specified in the weps.run file. If data are available, it is recommended that time steps less than or equal to1 hour be used, because the smaller the time step (more periods) are more accurate representation of the true winds. Also, the height of the wind measurement in WEPS is assumed to be 10 meters. If wind speeds were taken at a height other than 10 meters, speeds should be adjusted to what they would be at a 10-meter height. WEPS ignores the WINDGEN file header information which is in the first seven rows. Figure 1.9 shows an example WINDGEN file.

WINDGEN File Parameters:

Lines 1 - 7:	Comment lines (ignored). These do not need to be filled out, but WEPS does need to have these seven lines present with a '#' at the beginning of the line.

Line 8 +:	wind data, one day at a time as described next.

Items 1, 2, 3:	day mo year - the day, month, and year of simulation (integer).

Item 4:	dir - wind direction for the day. WEPS assumes that the direction is constant for the day (real- degrees clockwise with North = 0.0, East = 90.0, South = 180.0, etc.).

Items 5 - end:	hr1 hr2 hr3 . . . - average 1-hour wind speeds, distributed throughout the entire day. These represent, by default, twenty-four 1-hour average wind speeds (real-meters/second). If other time steps are used, they should be of equal length and the number of these periods should be specified in the weps.run file.

# WIND_GEN3 $Revision: 1.12 $ Hourly values per day output

# station: 13985 DODGE_CITY, KS USA

# lat: 37deg 46min N lon: 99deg 58min W

# period: 19610421-19781231 el: 796m

# day mo year dir hr1 hr2 hr3 hr4 hr5 hr6 hr7 hr8 hr9 . . .

# deg m/s m/s m/s m/s m/s m/s m/s m/s m/s . . .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 1 1 0.0 3.7 4.7 6.1 6.4 6.9 7.7 8.3 9.3 14.4 . . .

2 1 1 180.0 3.5 4.7 5.5 5.8 6.4 6.9 7.5 7.9 8.5 . . .

3 1 1 0.0 3.7 4.7 6.1 6.4 6.8 7.7 8.1 9.3 12.1 . . .

4 1 1 157.5 2.9 3.5 4.1 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.6 7.4 . . .

5 1 1 135.0 2.3 2.9 3.5 3.8 4.5 4.8 5.4 6.0 8.2 . . .

6 1 1 22.5 3.5 4.6 5.2 5.8 6.6 7.2 7.9 8.8 11.0 . . .

7 1 1 180.0 3.8 4.9 5.6 5.8 6.5 7.1 7.7 8.0 9.4 . . .

8 1 1 202.5 4.0 4.8 5.2 5.7 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.2 8.1 . . .

9 1 1 22.5 3.5 4.6 5.1 5.8 6.4 7.1 7.7 8.8 10.3 . . .

10 1 1 135.0 2.1 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.4 4.7 5.3 5.8 6.7 . . .

11 1 1 202.5 4.2 5.0 5.3 5.7 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.4 9.5 . . .

12 1 1 337.5 3.1 3.6 4.4 4.9 5.5 6.5 7.1 8.0 9.0 . . .

13 1 1 270.0 3.0 3.3 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.5 6.3 . . .

14 1 1 0.0 3.6 4.4 5.7 6.3 6.6 7.2 7.9 9.0 10.1 . . .

15 1 1 0.0 3.7 4.5 6.1 6.3 6.7 7.7 8.0 9.1 11.3 . . .

16 1 1 157.5 2.5 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.6 6.1 . . .

17 1 1 292.5 3.4 4.0 4.3 4.6 5.2 5.4 5.8 6.2 7.2 . . .

18 1 1 22.5 3.3 4.5 5.0 5.6 6.2 7.0 7.7 8.5 9.0 . . .

19 1 1 157.5 3.0 3.6 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.7 8.2 . . .

20 1 1 180.0 3.8 4.8 5.6 5.8 6.4 7.0 7.7 8.0 8.9 . . .

21 1 1 0.0 3.7 4.4 6.0 6.3 6.7 7.5 8.0 9.1 10.5 . . .

22 1 1 22.5 3.5 4.7 5.2 5.8 6.6 7.3 8.0 8.9 11.7 . . .

23 1 1 270.0 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.5 6.5 . . .

24 1 1 135.0 2.0 2.8 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.3 5.8 6.5 . . .

25 1 1 157.5 2.7 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.5 5.0 5.2 5.6 6.9 . . .

26 1 1 22.5 3.4 4.6 5.1 5.7 6.2 7.1 7.7 8.6 9.7 . . .

27 1 1 180.0 3.8 4.9 5.6 6.0 6.6 7.1 7.7 8.0 10.0 . . .

28 1 1 315.0 2.8 3.5 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.5 6.1 6.4 7.1 . . .

29 1 1 202.5 4.0 4.9 5.2 5.7 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.2 8.4 . . .

30 1 1 247.5 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.6 6.7 . . .

31 1 1 0.0 3.7 4.4 5.9 6.5 7.4 8.2 9.2 10.1 12.2 . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CLIGEN File

The default CLIGEN file extension is "cli" (e.g., cligen.cli). The CLIGEN weather generator was developed for use with the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) (Flanagan, et.al., 2001) and is used by WEPS to simulate other weather parameters. The input file created by CLIGEN includes precipitation amount (mm), duration (hr), time to peak (fraction of duration), and peak intensity (mm hr-1), as well as maximum and minimum air temperature (°C), solar radiation (ly d-1), and dew point temperature (°C). This file also contains historical monthly averages for maximum and minimum temperature (°C), which are required by WEPS.

Although WEPS ignores non-needed data in the CLIGEN file, WEPS reads the entire file, so each line and column in WEPS must be populated, even though some elements may be 'dummy' variables not used by WEPS. For example, line 2 contains information not used by WEPS, but it must be present with any characters present. The CLIGEN file is read in free format. Figure 1.10 shows an example CLIGEN file.

CLIGEN File Parameters:

Line 1:	CLIGEN version number. Must be "5.110" for the file format described in this document.

Lines 2-6:	Information in these lines are not required by WEPS, but must be present as placeholders.

Line 7:	Observed monthly average maximum temperatures (oC).

Line 8	Comment line.

Line 9:	Observed monthly average minimum temperatures (oC).

Lines 10-15:	Comment lines.

Line 16 +:	daily weather data.

Columns 1, 2, 3:	day mon year - the day, month, and year of simulation (integer).

Column 4:	prcp - total precipitation for the day, including snow, hail, and rain (real- millimeters).

Column 5:	dur - duration of the rainfall event (real- hours).

Column 6:	tp - fraction of time to peak (real- time to peak in hours/duration in hours).

Column 7:	ip - WEPP data, ignored in WEPS, but must have some numbers present (e.g., 0.0)(real).

Columns 8, 9:	tmax tmin - the maximum and minimum daily air temperature (real - C).

Column 10:	rad - daily solar radiation (real - ly/day).

Columns 11-12:	WEPP wind data, ignored in WEPS, but numbers must be present (e.g., 0.0) (real).

Column 13:	dew - dew point temperature (real - C).

5.110

1 0 0

Station: CIMARRON KS CLIGEN VERSION 5.110 -r: 0 -I: 0

Latitude Longitude Elevation(m) Obs. Years Beginning year Years simulated Command Line:

37.80 -100.35 801 54 1 6 -S14 -s1522 -idb\cligen_fs.db -b1

Observed monthly ave max temperature ©

6.9 10.1 14.5 20.8 25.3 31.1 34.2 33.2 28.8 22.8 13.8 8.3

Observed monthly ave min temperature ©

-8.1 -5.8 -2.1 4.1 9.8 15.3 18.0 17.0 12.2 5.3 -2.4 -6.7

Observed monthly ave solar radiation (Langleys/day)

253.0 317.0 420.0 525.0 564.0 643.0 635.0 578.0 491.0 374.0 307.0 234.0

Observed monthly ave precipitation (mm)

14.3 17.0 33.6 48.3 90.9 89.8 87.2 68.4 45.1 37.0 21.5 13.4

da mo year prcp dur tp ip tmax tmin rad w-vl w-dir tdew

(mm) (h) © © (l/d) (m/s)(Deg) ©

1 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.9 -2.6 250. 5.5 75. -0.4

2 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -2.5 -5.5 143. 6.0 297. -6.8

3 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.3 -4.0 219. 8.2 238. -16.9

4 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.8 -10.2 253. 4.0 227. -16.5

5 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.3 -12.3 254. 5.9 314. -4.9

6 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.3 -3.6 148. 8.3 238. -4.0

7 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.5 -10.2 257. 7.0 23. -9.4

8 1 1 0.4 1.66 0.01 1.01 13.9 -14.2 258. 7.9 355. -8.5

9 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.1 -5.6 230. 2.6 328. -6.5

10 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.1 -6.2 283. 8.6 49. -4.8

11 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.0 -9.0 263. 0.0 7. -20.9

12 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.8 -12.2 231. 6.9 222. -4.8

13 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.3 -14.1 267. 1.2 317. -7.3

14 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -4.0 -6.7 173. 3.4 313. -12.1

15 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.7 -14.8 270. 2.7 132. -18.0

16 1 1 2.3 1.29 0.04 1.01 0.6 -4.9 262. 9.9 15. -13.7

17 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.0 -5.0 241. 7.0 338. -12.3

18 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.8 -9.1 203. 4.2 262. -13.5

19 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.3 -10.5 181. 3.7 275. -8.1

20 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -8.9 -10.5 266. 6.0 6. -17.9

21 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.7 -9.8 283. 5.7 264. -3.7

22 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.9 -8.0 132. 3.5 233. -8.2

23 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.2 -10.0 196. 4.9 150. -6.5

24 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.3 -15.9 230. 4.6 136. -19.5

25 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.6 -13.7 172. 6.2 312. -0.7

26 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.4 -6.0 272. 7.5 156. 4.0

27 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.6 0.9 213. 5.7 176. -5.1

28 1 1 4.2 1.19 0.00 1.01 15.2 -15.3 173. 7.7 170. -14.8

29 1 1 10.6 1.73 0.05 1.01 24.8 -3.5 302. 4.8 206. -7.3

30 1 1 3.5 1.92 0.29 4.81 8.3 -5.9 280. 2.7 277. -14.0

31 1 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.9 2.3 228. 2.9 240. 1.3

1 2 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.5 -4.9 241. 7.3 316. -5.8

2 2 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.6 -4.6 316. 2.2 169. -10.1

3 2 1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.6 -12.8 326. 4.3 322. -4.7

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Soil File

The default soil file name has an "ifc" extension (e.g., amarillo.ifc). This file contains the initial soil conditions at the start of a simulation run. The soil and management submodels then simulate the changes in these conditions as affected by weather, management, and erosion for each simulation day. Even intrinsic parameters such as particle size distribution will change with tillage as layers are mixed. If simulated soil parameters differ significantly from measured values, it is recommended that the user use the stand-alone Erosion model (described in this chapter) to simulate single storms using measured values. The soil input file includes the taxonomic order, number, and thickness (mm) of soil layers; detailed particle size distribution (fraction); wet and dry bulk density (Mg m-3); aggregate stability (ln(J m-2)), density (Mg m-3), and size distribution (fraction); soil crust properties (varies); random and oriented (ridge) roughness (mm); soil water characterization parameters (varies); dry albedo (fraction); organic matter (fraction); pH; calcium carbonate (fraction); and cation exchange capacity (meq 100g-1). This file also contains comments (indicated by a '#' in column one) that describe each line of input data to aid in checking and modifying input data. A description of the items required by WEPS follows, which can be viewed and edited within soil panel of the WEPS interface. The absolute range is that allowable by WEPS; the typical range lists the range of values to be expected with typical soils. An example Soil file is shown in Figure 1.11.

The WEPS soil interface is a simple way to edit input data in the Soil file and is recommended. It is also recommended that the user select an existing soil file from the database with similar properties to the desired soil and modify its properties. Soil database files that were derived from the NRCS SSURGO database are accessed through the "Template" button at the bottom of the WEPS main screen. Once a soil is selected, the soil interface is accessed by clicking the "Soil" button at the bottom of the main screen. The information presented here is for the benefit of those users who wish to modify the input file themselves.

Soil File Parameters:

Version

Version: - A version number to allow the user to choose between an older ifc file format and the newer format, which is Version 1.0 (described here). Contact WERU if you have ifc files in an older format that you want to use with WEPS.

Soil Identification

Soil ID - Soil identifying information consisting of the following (separated by a dash). Note that these items are not critical to the operation of WEPS, and are used for identification purposes only.

Soil Survey Area ID - The soil survey area identification for the soil (character). The soil survey area identification is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Map Unit Symbol - The symbol used to uniquely identify the soil map unit in the soil survey (character). The map unit symbol is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Component Name - The name of the soil (character). The soil component name is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Component Percent - The percentage of the soil component of the map unit (integer). The soil component percentage is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Absolute range = >0 to 100	Typical range = >0 to 100

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Surface Texture Class - The class of the surface layer based on USDA system for particle size (character). The texture class is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

State - The state in which the soil occurs (character). The state is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

County - The county in which the soil occurs (character). The county is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Soil Survey Area Name - The soil survey area name in which the soil occurs (character). The soil survey area name is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Local Phase - Phase criterion used at the local level to help identify soil components (character). The local phase is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Soil Order - The taxonomic soil order is the name for the highest level in soil taxonomy (character). The taxonomic soil order is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Soil Loss Tolerance (T factor) - The maximum amount of erosion at which the quality of a soil as a medium for plant growth can be maintained. (Tons/acre/year) The soil loss tolerance is not critical to the operation of WEPS, and is used for identification purposes only.

Absolute range = 1 - 5	Typical range = 1 - 5

Estimated by: "Unknown"

Dry Soil Albedo - The estimated ratio of the incident short-wave (solar) radiation that is reflected by the air dry, less than 2 mm fraction of the soil surface (unitless).

Absolute range = 0.00 to 1.00	Typical range = 0.05 to 0.25

Estimated by: method of method of Post et.al., (2000) or Baumer (1990).

Slope Gradient - The difference in elevation between two points on the overall field surface, expressed as a fraction of the distance between those points. (real fraction)

Absolute range = 0.0 - 0.999	Typical range = 0.0 - 0.3

Estimated by: slope = 0.01

Soil Surface Properties & Depth Restrictions

Surface Fragment Cover - The fraction of the surface area covered by rock greater than 2.0 mm (m3/m3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 - 0.5

Estimated by: Surface layer fragment volume

Depth to Bedrock - The observed depth to the top of the bedrock layer, if present (mm).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 99990.0	Typical range = ?

Estimated by: depth to bedrock = 99990.0

Depth to Root Restricting Layer - The depth to the upper boundary of a restrictive layer, if present (mm).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 99990.0	Typical range = ?

Estimated by: depth to bedrock = 99990.0

Soil Layer Properties

Number of Soil Layers - The number of soil horizons of layers for which properties are reported.

Layer Thickness - The thickness of each soil layer (mm). WEPS requires a specific layer structure, which is determined by the soil interface.

Estimated by: user defined (required)

Sand - Mineral particles 0.05 to 2.0 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2.0 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = (>0.0) to 1.0	Typical range = [1.0 - (silt + clay)]

Estimated by: sand = 1.0 - (silt + clay)

Silt - Mineral particles 0.002 to 0.05 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2.0 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = (>0.0) to 1.0	Typical range = [1.0 - (sand + clay)]

Estimated by: silt = 1.0 - (sand + clay)

Clay - Mineral particles less than 0.002 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2.0 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = (>0.0) to 1.0	Typical range = [1.0 - (sand + silt)]

Estimated by: clay = 1.0 - (silt + sand)

Rock Fragments - The volume fraction of the layer occupied by the 2.0 mm or larger (20 mm or larger for wood fragments) on a whole soil basis (m3/m3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 - 0.5

Estimated by: rock fragments = 0.0

Sand Fractions

Sand Fractions: Coarse - Mineral particles 0.5 to 1.0 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: CS = 0.0

Sand Fractions: Very Coarse - Mineral particles 1.0 to 2.0 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: VCS = 0.0

Sand Fractions: Medium - Mineral particles 0.2 to 0.5 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: MS = 0.0

Sand Fractions: Fine - Mineral particles 0.1 to 0.2 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: FS = 0.0

Sand Fractions: Very Fine - Mineral particles 0.05 to 0.1 mm in equivalent diameter as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: user defined (required)

Bulk Density

Bulk Density 1/3 Bar - The oven dry weight of the less than 2 mm soil material per unit volume of soil at a tension of 1/3 bar (Mg/m^3).

Absolute range = (>0.0) to 10.0	Typical range = 0.8 to 1.6

Estimated by: user defined (required)

Other Layer Properties

Organic Matter - The amount by weight of decomposed plant and animal residue expressed as a weight fraction of the less than 2 mm soil material (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0005 to 0.05

Estimated by: user defined (required)

pH - The negative logarithm to the base 10, of the hydrogen ion activity in the soil according to the 1:1 soil:water ratio method (unitless). A numerical expression of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a soil sample.

Absolute range = 1.0 to 14.0	Typical range = 4.0 to 9.0

Estimated by: pH = 7.0

CaCO3 - The quantity of carbonate (CO3) in the soil expressed as CaCO3 and as a weight percentage of the less than 2 mm size fraction (kg/kg).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 0.3

Estimated by: user defined (required)

CEC - The cation exchange capacity (meq/100g).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 400.0	Typical range = 0 to 400.0

Estimated by: user defined (required)

Linear Extensibility Percent - The linear expression of the volume difference of natural soil fabric at 1/3 or 1/10 bar water content and oven dryness. The volume change is reported as a percentage change for the whole soil (%).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 30.0	Typical range = ?

Estimated by:	Soil Survey Staff (1996).

Aggregates

Aggregate Geometric Mean Diameter - Soil aggregate geometric mean diameter of the modified log-normal distribution (mm).

Absolute range = 0.03 to 30.0	Typical range = 0.1 to 15.0

Estimated by:	aggr. gmd = exp(l.343 - 2.235 * sand - 1.226 * silt - 0.0238*sand/clay + 33.6 * om + 6.85 * CaCO3) * (1.0 + 0.006 * layer depth)

Aggregate Geometric Standard Deviation - Soil aggregate geometric standard deviation of the modified log-normal distribution (dimensionless).

Absolute range = 1.0 to 20.0	Typical range = 4.0 to 15.0

Estimated by:

aggr. gsd = 1.0 / (0.0203 + 0.00193(aggr. gmd) + 0.074 / (aggr.gmd)0.5)

Maximum Aggregate Size - Upper limit of the modified log-normal aggregate size distribution (mm).

Absolute range = 1.0 to 1000.0	Typical range = 2.0 to 100.0

Estimated by: aggr.max. size = (aggr. gsd)p * (aggr. gmd) + 0.84

where p = 1.52 * (aggr. gmd)-0.449

Minimum Aggregate Size - Lower limit of the modified log-normal aggregate size distribution (mm).

Absolute range = 0.001 to 5.0	Typical range = 0.006 to 0.020

Estimated by: aggr min. size = 0.01

Aggregate Density - The aggregate density for (Mg/m^3).

Absolute range = 0.6 to 2.5	Typical range = 0.8 to 2.0

Estimated by:	Rawls (1983)

aggr density = 2.0 for layer depth > 300 mm

aggr density = 2.01 *(0.72 + 0.00092 * layer depth) for layer depth < 300 mm

Aggregate Stability - Mean of natural log of aggregate crushing energies (ln(J/kg)).

Absolute range = 0.1 to 7.0	Typical range = 0.5 to 5.0

Estimated by: aggr. stability = 0.83 + 15.7 * clay - 23.8 * clay 2

Soil Crust

Soil Crust Thickness - Average thickness of the consolidated zone in the surface layer (mm).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 23.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 10.0

Estimated by: crust thickness = 0.01

Soil Crust Density - The density of the soil crust (Mg/m^3).

Absolute range = 0.6 to 2.0	Typical range = 0.8 to 1.6

Estimated by: aggregate density

Soil Crust Stability - Mean of natural log of crust crushing energies (ln(J/kg)).

Absolute range = 0.1 to 7.0	Typical range = 0.3 to 5.0

Estimated by: aggregate stability

Crust Surface Fraction - Fraction of surface covered with consolidated soil, as opposed to aggregated soil (m^2/m^2).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: 0.0

Mass of Loose Material on Crust - Mass of the loose, saltation-size soil on the surface soil crusted area (kg/m^2).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 3.0	Typical range = 0.0 to 1.0

Estimated by: 0.0

Fraction of Loose Material on Crust - Fraction of total soil surface area covered with loose material on the crust (m^2/m^2).

Absolute range = 0.0 to soil crust fraction	Typical range = 0.0 to 0.5

Estimated by: 0.0

Roughness

Random Roughness - The standard deviation of elevation from a plane of a random soil surface, including any flat biomass adjusted as suggested by Allmaras et.al., (1966) (mm).

Absolute range = 1.0 to 70.0	Typical range = 2.0 to 10.0

Estimated by: 4.0

Ridge Orientation - Direction of the tillage ridge, clockwise from true north (degrees).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 179.99	Typical range = 0.0 to 179.99

Estimated by: 0.0

Ridge Height - The height of soil ridges from bottom of furrow to top of ridge (mm).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 500.	Typical range = 0.0 to 300.0

Estimated by: 0.0

Spacing Between Ridge Tops - Spacing between ridge tops (mm).

Absolute range = 10.0 to 2000.0	Typical range = 60.0 to 1000.0

Estimated by: 10.0

Ridge Width - Width of the top of the ridge (i.e. bed width) (mm)

Absolute range = 10.0 to 4000.0	Typical range = 100.0 to 2000.0

Estimated by: 10.0

Hydrologic properties

Initial Bulk Density (1/3 Bar) - The oven dry weight of the less than 2 mm soil material per unit volume of soil at a tension of 1/3 bar (Mg/m^3).

Absolute range = (>0.0) to 10.0	Typical range = 0.8 to 1.6

Estimated by: user defined (required)

Initial Water Content - Soil water content at the beginning of the simulation (cm3/cm3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to ??	Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: ½ (field capacity + wilting point)

Saturation Water Content - Soil water content when soil pores are completely filled (i.e. zero soil matric potential) (cm3/cm3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to ??	Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Note:	Saturated water content > Field capacity water content > Wilting point water content

Field Capacity Water Content - The amount of soil water retained at 1/3 bar (33 kPa), expressed as a fraction of the less than 2 mm, oven-dry soil by volume (cm3/cm3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to ?? Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Note:	Saturated water content > Field capacity water content > Wilting point water content

Wilting Point Water Content - The amount of soil water retained at 15 bars (1500 kPa), expressed as a percentage of the less than 2 mm, oven-dry soil by volume (cm3/cm3).

Absolute range = 0.0 to ?? Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Note:	Saturated water content > Field capacity water content > Wilting point water content

Soil CB Value - The power of Campbell's model of the soil water characteristics curve (unitless).

Absolute range = 0.917 to 27.027	Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Air Entry Potential - The air entry potential is defined as the potential at which the largest water-filled pores start to drain and hence gas flow can be observed (Joules/kg ).

Absolute range = -17.91 to 0.0	Typical range = varies with soil texture

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity - The amount of water that would move vertically through a unit area of saturated soil in a unit time under unit hydraulic gradient (m/s).

Absolute range = 0.0 to 1E-3	Typical range = 0.0 to 1E-3

Estimated by: Saxton, et al. (1986)

Notes - The user may enter any notes pertaining to the soil file. These notes are appended to the bottom of the soil file. The soil notes may also contain notes generated by the interface. These generated notes specify parameters that were adjusted because of out-of-
range values, and lists the old and new values. The notes are not critical to the operation of WEPS, and are used for information purposes only.

Version: 1.0

#

# Soil ID

CO631-Se-San Luis-100-SL-Colorado-Rio Grande County Area-Rio Grande County Area, Colorado

#

# Local Phase

DRAINED

# Soil Order

Aridisols

# Soil Loss Tolerance (tons/acre/year)

3

# Dry soil albedo (fraction)

0.230

# Slope gradient (fraction)

0.010

# Surface fragment cover or surface layer fragments (area fraction)

0.000

#

# Depth to bedrock (mm)

99990

# Depth to root restricting layer (mm)

99990

#

# Number of layers

3

# Layer thickness (mm)

150 460 910

#

# Sand fraction

0.659 0.340 0.960

# Silt fraction

0.191 0.370 0.015

# Clay fraction

0.150 0.290 0.025

# Rock fragments

0.000 0.000 0.260

# Sand fraction very coarse

0.043 0.030 0.007

# Sand fraction coarse

0.141 0.043 0.131

# Sand fraction medium

0.175 0.059 0.372

# Sand fraction fine

0.196 0.106 0.378

# Sand fraction very fine

0.104 0.102 0.072

#

# Bulk Density (1/3 bar)(Mg/m^3)

1.350 1.250 1.400

# Organic matter (kg/kg)

0.0075 0.0025 0.0025

# Soil PH (0-14)

8.50 9.80 7.90

# Calcium carbonate equivalent (CaCO3)

0.08 0.15 0.06

# Cation exchange capacity (CEC) (meq/100g)

10.00 15.00 2.50

# Linear extensibility

0.015 0.045 0.015

#

# Aggregate geometric mean diameter (mm)

2.647 15.675 2.929

# Aggregate geometric standard deviation

13.086 13.393 13.463

# Maximum aggregate size (mm)

33.055 49.322 33.579

# Minimum aggregate size (mm)

0.010 0.010 0.010

# Aggregate density (Mg/m^3)

1.725 2.000 2.000

# Aggregate stability (ln(J/m^2))

2.650 3.381 1.208

#

# Crust thickness (mm)

0.010

# Crust density (Mg/m^3)

1.725

# Crust stability (ln(J/m^2))

2.65

# Crust surface fraction (m^2/m^2)

0.00

# Mass of loose material on crust (kg/m^2)

0.00

# Fraction of loose material on crust (m^2/m^2)

0.00

#

# Random roughness (mm)

4.00

# Ridge orientation (deg)

0.00

# Ridge height (mm)

0.00

# Spacing between ridge tops (mm)

10.00

# Ridge width (mm)

10.00

#

# Initial Bulk Density (1/3 bar)(Mg/m^3)

1.350 1.250 1.400

# Initial soil water content (m^3/m^3)

0.140 0.222 0.037

# Saturation soil water content (m^3/m^3)

0.434 0.494 0.313

# Field capacity water content (m^3/m^3)

0.188 0.296 0.060

# Wilting point water content (m^3/m^3)

0.091 0.148 0.014

#

# Soil CB value (exponent to Campbell's SWRC)

5.909 6.175 3.957

# Air entry potential (J/kg)

-0.429 -1.633 -0.423

# Saturated hydraulic conductivity (m/s)

2.821E-5 2.819E-6 9.174E-5

#

# Notes:

# The user may enter notes here.

Management File

The default file name is '*.man'. This file contains parameters for the manipulation of soil and biomass properties as a result of various management operations performed on the field on a given date. These operations include planting, harvesting, cultivation, defoliation, fertilization, and irrigation. The management file should only be altered by using the Management Crop Rotation Editor for WEPS (MCREW), to guarantee that parameters are correct. MCREW is accessed through the WEPS user interface.

Stand-alone Erosion Submodel

The Erosion submodel (tsterode) can also be operated as a stand-alone model to simulate erosion for a single storm (i.e., daily). Input parameters that must be provided for the day include the field and barrier dimensions, as well as biomass, soil, hydrology, and weather parameters. Wind speed can be entered either as Weibull distribution parameters or listed as average wind speeds for each time period throughout the day. Valid command line options for the stand-alone erosion submodel are:

Command Line Options

Usage:	tsterode -i"input_filename" -x# -y# -t# -u -E -Plot -? -h

Valid command line options:

-? or -h	Display the available command line options.

-x#	Number of grid points in x direction (min. = 3; max. = 500). The submodel calculates the loss/deposition over a series of individual, equal-sized grid cells representing the entire simulation region. The more grid points, the smaller the area in each grid cell. The recommended total number of grid cells is 30 for a field without a barrier and 60 for a field with a barrier. Increasing the number of grid cells increases the accuracy of the soil loss/deposition estimates, as well as increases the run time. If not specified, the number of grid points is calculated within the model.

-y#	Number of grid points in y direction (min. = 3; max. = 500). The submodel calculates the loss/deposition over a series of individual, equal-sized grid cells representing the entire simulation region. The more grid points, the smaller the area in each grid cell. The recommended total number of grid cells is 30 for a field without a barrier and 60 for a field with a barrier. Increasing the number of grid cells increases the accuracy of the soil loss/deposition estimates, as well as increases the run time. If not specified, the number of grid points is calculated within the model.

-t#	Interval for surface updating in seconds (min. = 60 seconds; max. = 86400 seconds). This is used to specify a fixed surface updating interval and is primarily for testing and evaluation purposes. Because the erosion code contains an update loop dependent upon the number of time intervals/day and an inner loop that allows more frequent surface updating to occur, the imp interval must be evenly divisible into both the number of time intervals/day and 24 (hours in a day). If these conditions are not met, the program aborts with an error message.

-u	Disable erosion surface updating.

-i"input_filename"	Specify input filename. The input filename must be specified and listed before the -Einp, -Erod, -Egrd, and -Emit options. Quotes are required if spaces are within the file name.

-Einp	Writes (echos) the input file to "input_filename.einp". This is useful for debugging purposes. The "input_filename" is the same name as the input filename with a ".eimp" extension, and will be created in the same directory specified for the input filename.

-Erod	Output erosion summary (kg/m2) (positive values are soil loss). The one line output in the file contains the following:

Total loss, saltation plus creep, suspension, PM10, and the input filename

The "-Erod' option requires that the input file (-i"input_filename") be specified as a command line argument before the "-Erod" option, e.g.:

tsterode -iinput_filename.ext -Erod

The "input_filename" in the erosion summary is the same name as the input filename with a ".erod" extension, and will be created in the same directory specified for the input filename.

-Egrd	Output grid summary results (kg/m2) (positive values are soil loss). The "-Egrd' option requires that the input file (-i"input_filename") be specified as a command line argument before the "-Egrd" option, e.g.:

tsterode -iinput_filename.ext -Egrd

The "input_filename" in the grid summary is the same name as the input filename with a ".egrd" extension, and will be created in the same directory specified for the input filename.

-Emit	Output hourly erosion results (kg/m2) (positive values are soil loss). The "-Emit' option requires that the input file (-i"input_filename") be specified as a command line argument before the "-Emit" option, e.g.:

tsterode -iinput_filename.ext -Emit

The "input_filename" in the hourly erosion results is the same name as the input filename with a ".emit" extension, and will be created in the same directory specified for the input filename.

-Eplt	Enable printing of a file that can be used to plot various data. The data is appended to the file for each run.

-Esgrd	Output all grid cell values for selected grid cell variables (e.g., RR, ridge ht, friction velocity, etc.) as well as the standard erosion results for each subdaily period. Each "period" is identified by the "yy mm dd hr variable_name_title" prior to the grid cell values. The "-Esgrd' option requires that the input file (-i"input_filename") be specified as a command line argument before the "-Esgrd" option, e.g.:

tsterode -iinput_filename.ext -Esgrd

The "input_filename" in the grid summary is the same name as the input filename with a ".sgrd" extension, and will be created in the same directory specified for the input filename.

Default options are set to:

-t900

Note that these command line options cannot be specified when the erosion submodel is run through the WEPS interface.

The input file contains comments (indicated by a '#' in column one) that describe each line of input data to aid in checking and modifying input data, which follows the comments. Specific definitions of these parameters are documented within the comment lines within the input file (Fig. 1.12).

#****************************************************************

# erod_template.in Template INPUT DATA FILE

# Updated January 2006 - LEW

#****************************************************************

#

# +++ PURPOSE +++

#

# Input file for standalone erosion submodel program (tsterode)

#

# All lines beginning with a "#" character are assumed to

# be comment lines and are skipped.

#

# +++ DEFINITIONS +++

#

# All comments prior to each line of data input

# in this template input file have the following format:

#

# Variable_Name, Var_type, Text Definition

#

# where Var_type is: I = integer L = logical R = real

#

#

# +++ DEBUG STUFF +++

#

# debugflg - debug flag for providing different levels of debug info

# currently useful to debug/check input file data format

#

# value of 0 will print no debug information

# value of 1 will print out and number all input file lines

# value of 2 will print out and number all data input lines

# value of 3 will do both 1 and 2

0

#

#

# +++ INIT STUFF +++

#

# am0eif, L, EROSION "initialization" flag

# Must be set to .TRUE. for standalone erosion runs

.TRUE.

#

# am0efl, I, EROSION "print" flag

# NOTE: Not sure if all of these have yet been replaced by

# "tsterode" cmdline options. Regardless, this flag

# should be considered deprecated in this file. - LEW

# Range: 0 to 6

# 0 = print input, no output

# 1 = print input, standard output

# 2 = print input, 1 line output

# 3 = used in WEPS to print input, then create file "emit.out"

# containing hourly suspended emission rates

#	4 = used in standalone to print input, then create file "emit.out"

# containing hourly suspended emission rates

# 5 = not used at present

# 6 = print input, detail output each step using calls

# to sb1out and sb2out

1

#

# +++ SIMULATION REGION +++

#

# amxsim(x,y), R, Simulation Region diagonal coordinates (meters)

# Input (x,y) coordinates in this form: x1,y1 x2,y2

# Typical Range: 10.0 to 1600.0

#

# NOTE: Accounting region and Subregion coordinates

# must also be set to the same values

#

0.0, 0.0 1000.0, 200.0

#

#

# amasim, R, Simulation Region orientation angle (degrees from North)

0.0

#

#

# +++ ACCOUNTING REGIONS +++

#

# nacctr, I, Number of accounting regions (must always be 1 for now)

1

#

# amxar(x,y,a), R, Accounting Region diagonal coordinates (meters)

# Input (x,y) coordinates in this form: x1,y1 x2,y2

# for each Accounting Region specified (nacctr)

#

# NOTE: Accounting Region coordinate values must

# match Simulation Region coordinates above

#

0.0, 0.0 1000.0, 200.0

#

#

# +++ BARRIERS +++

#

# nbr, I, Number of barriers (0-5)

2

# NOTE: Remaining BARRIER inputs are repeated for each barrier specified

# If no barriers specified (nbr=0), then no BARRIER inputs will

# be listed here.

#

# amxbr(x,y,b), R, Barrier linear coordinates (meters)

# Input (x,y) coordinates in this form: x1,y1 x2,y2

# for each barrier specified (nbr)

0.0, 0.0 0.0, 200.0

#

# amzbr(b), R, Barrier height (meters)

# ampbr(b), R, Barrier porosity (m^2/m^2)

# amxbrw(b), R, Barrier width (meters)

#

0.2 0.5 15.0

#

# Repeat previous two input lines for each additional barrier

#

# Barrier #2 coordinates (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

0.0, 0.0 1000.0, 0.0

# Barrier #2 height, porosity and width

0.2 0.5 15.0

#

#

# +++ SUBREGION REGIONS +++

#

# nsubr, I, Number of subregions (1-5)

# NOTE: Currently not fully tested for multiple subregions

# Only use value of 1

#

1

#

# NOTE: Remaining SUBREGION inputs (BIOMASS, SOIL, and HYDROLOGY,

# ie. variables defined by subregion) are repeated for "nsubr"

# subregions specified

#

# amxsr(x,y,s), R, Subregion diagonal coordinates (m)

# Input (x,y) coordinates in this form: x1,y1 x2,y2

# for each subregion specified (subr)

#

# NOTE: Since only one subregion is currently supported,

# subregion coordinate values must match

# Simulation Region coordinates above

#

0.0, 0.0 1000.0, 200.0

#

#

# +++ BIOMASS +++

#

#

# adzht_ave(s), R, Height of standing residue (meters)

# WEPS generated input files will provide

# "SAI weighted" average residue height

# across all residue pools.

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 3.0

0.21

#

# aczht(s), R, Average height of growing crop (meters)

0.0

#

# acrsai(s), R, Growing crop stem area index (m^2/m^2)

# Typical Range: 0.0 to 3.0

# acrlai(s), R, Growing crop leaf area index (m^2/m^2)

# Typical Range: 0.0 to 8.0

0.0 0.0

#

# adrsaitot(s), R, Residue stem area index (m^2/m^2)

# adrlaitot(s), R, Residue leaf area index (m^2/m^2)

# WEPS generated input files will provide

# total "SAI" and "LAI" values

# across all residue pools.

0.02 0.00

#

# acxrow(s), R, Growing crop row spacing (meters)

# Use value of 0.0 if not planted in rows,

# e.g. broadcast seeded

# ac0rg(s) , I, Specify seed location (0=furrow,1=ridge)

# Value doesn't matter if no ridges exist

0.3, 0

#

# abffcv(s), R, Flat biomass cover (m^2/m^2)

0.0

#

#

# +++ SOIL +++

#

# nslay(s), I, (s1layr.inc) Number of soil layers (1-100)

# NOTE: Only surface soil layer necessary

1

#

# NOTE: Remaining SOIL inputs are repeated on each input line

# for each layer specified

#

# aszlyt(l,s), R, Thickness (mm)

1000.0

#

# asdblk(l,s), R, Bulk density of soil layer (Mg/m^3)

# Typical Range: >0.0 to 10.0

1.8

# asfsan(l,s), R, Fraction of sand content in soil layer (Mg/Mg)

# Range: 0.0 to 1.0 (sand + silt + clay = 1.0)

0.90

# asfvfs(l,s), R Fraction of very fine sand in soil layer (Mg/Mg)

# Range: 0.0 to 1.0 (fraction of total soil < 2.0 mm)

0.21

# asfsil(l,s), R, Fraction of silt content in soil layer (Mg/Mg)

# Range: 0.0 to 1.0 (sand + silt + clay = 1.0)

0.08

# asfcla(l,s), R, Fraction of clay content in soil layer (Mg/Mg)

# Range: 0.0 to 1.0 (sand + silt + clay = 1.0)

0.02

#

# asvroc(l,s), R, Rock volume in soil layer (m^3/m^3)

# Range: 0.0 to 1.0

0.30

#

# asdagd(l,s), R, Average aggregate density of soil layer (Mg/m^3)

# Typical Range: 0.5 to 2.5

1.8

# aseags(l,s), R, Average dry aggregate stability of soil layer [ln(J/kg)]

# Typical Range: 0.1 to 7.0

2.50

#

# ---- Size distribution of soil aggregates ----

# GMD - Geometric Mean Diameter of aggregates

# GSD - Geometric Mean Standard Deviation of aggregates

#

# aslagm(l,s), R, GMD of aggregate sizes in soil layer (mm)

# Typical Range: 0.03 to 30.0

0.47

# aslagn(l,s), R, Minimum aggregate size in soil layer (mm)

# Typical Range: 0.001 to 5.0

0.043

# aslagx(l,s), R, Maximum aggregate size in soil layer (mm)

# Typical Range: 1.0 to 1000.0

89.8

# as0ags(l,s), R, GSD of aggregate sizes in soil layer (mm/mm)

# Typical Range: 1.0 to 40.0

12.0

#

# +++ SOIL SURFACE +++

#

# asfcr(s), R, Surface crust fraction (m^2/m^2)

#	Range: 0.0 to 1.0

# aszcr(s), R, Surface crust thickness (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 23.0

# asflos(s), R, Fraction of crusted surface with loose material on top of crust # (m^2/m^2)

#	Range: 0.0 to 1.0

# asmlos(s), R, Mass of loose material on top of crust (kg/m^2)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 3.0

# asdcr(s), R, Density of soil crust (Mg/m^3)

#	Typical Range: 0.6 to 2.0

# asecr(s), R, Dry crust stability [ln(J/kg)]

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 7.0

0.6 7.0 0.2 0.4 0.1 1.0

#

# aslrr(s), R, Allmaras random roughness (mm)

#	Typical Range: 1.0 to 60.0

5.0

# aszrgh(s), R, Ridge height (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 500.0

# asxrgs(s), R, Ridge spacing (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 2000.0

# asxrgw(s), R, Ridge width (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 4000.0

# asxrgo(s), R, Ridge orientation (degrees)

#	Range: 0.0 to 179.99

# NOTE: If no ridges, then specify 0.0 for height, width and spacing

0.0 0.0 0.0 0

# asxdks(s), R, Dike spacing (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 1000.0

# NOTE: If no dikes, then specify 0.0

0.0

#

# +++ HYDROLOGY +++

#

# ahzsnd(s), R, Snow depth (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 1000.0

0.0

#

# ahrwcw(l,s), R, Wilting point water content of soil layer (Mg/Mg)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 0.25

0.077

#

# ahrwca(l,s), R, Current water content of soil layer (Mg/Mg)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 0.50

0.0

#

#

# ahrwc0(h,s), R, Surface layer water content (Mg/Mg)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 0.50

# NOTE: The near surface water content is specified on an

# hourly basis. We read in the hourly water content

# on two lines, with 12 values in each line.

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

#

#

# NOTE: This is the end of the SUBREGION variables

#

# +++ WEATHER +++

#

# awdair, R, Air density (kg/m^3)

#	Typical Range: 0.7 to 1.5

1.2

#

# awadir, R, Wind direction (degrees) measured clockwise from North

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 359.9

270.0

#

# ntstep, I, Number of intervals/day to run EROSION

#	Range: 24 to 96

#

# NOTE: ntstep = 24 means hourly updates

# ntstep = 48 means 30 minute updating

# ntstep = 96 means 15 minute updating

24

#

# anemht, R anemometer height (m)

#	Typical Range: 0.5 to 30.0

# awzzo, R aerodynamic roughness at anemometer site (mm)

#	Typical Range: 0.5 to 2000.0

# wzoflg, I (global variable) zo location flag

# (flag =0 - at weather station location - zo is a constant)

# (flag = 1 - on field location - zo varies based on field surface)

10.0, 10.00 0

#

# wflg, I, Wind/Weibull flag

# (0 - read in Weibull parameters, 1 - read in wind speeds)

1

#

# NOTE: This is only present when (wflg=0)

# wfcalm, R, Fraction of time winds are calm (hr/hr)

#	Range: 0.0 to 1.0

# wuc, R, Weibull "c" factor (m/s)

#	Typical Range: >0.0 to 30.0

# w0k, R, Weibull "k" factor

#	Typical Range: 1.0 to 3.0

# 0.217 7.125 2.971 <--- Example data line for wind expressed as Weibull parameters

#

# NOTE: The remaining data is only present when (wflg=1)

# awu(i), R, Wind speed for (ntstep) intervals (m/s)

#	Typical Range: 0.0 to 30.0

#

# NOTE: We can read multiple lines with 6 values per line

# Wind data should be AVERAGES for the period.

# Hourly averages will often under estimate wind erosion.

# 30 minute averages or shorter time interval is more suitable.

8.181	4.068	4.068	4.426	5.052	5.052

4.739	4.292	4.515	3.353	3.621	2.280

5.275	6.750	7.242	7.868	9.835	13.814

17.211	12.651	11.712	12.964	10.014	8.583

#

#

# *******************************************************

# NOTE: Not necessary to modify any information below this line

# unless one is interested in generating a "plot.out" file.

# *******************************************************

#

# + + + DATA TO PLOT + + +

#

# "xplot" flag for writing variables to file 'tsterode.eplt'.

# -1 = write nothing

# 0 = write erosion variables;

# Actual variables listed below are only written if flagged with a 1

#

# NOTE: This flag is deprecated. Tsterode cmdline options determine

# if this file is create and/or data appended to it.

0

#

# Next are 2 lines per variable:

# 1st line: flag (0=don't write, 1=do write) and variable description

# 2nd line: this info is used as a header in 'plot.out'

# place header within first 12 positions of the line

#

# xin(i), R, (field length)

1

Length(m)

# abzht, R, (biomass ht.(m))

1

bio_ht(m)

# abrsai, R (stem area index)

1

stem_area

# abrlai(s), R, Biomass leaf area index (m^2/m^2)

1

lai_area

# abffcv, R, (biomass flat fraction cover)

0

flat_cov

# asfvfs(1,s), R, (soil fraction very fine sand in layer 1)

0

vfsand

# asfsan(1,s), R, (soil fraction sand in layer 1)

1

sand

# asfsil(1,s), R (soil fraction silt in layer 1)

0

silt

# asfcla(1,s), R (soil fraction clay in layer 1)

0

clay

# asvoc(1,s), R (soil volume roc in layer 1)(m^3/m^3)

0

rock_vol

# aseags(1,s), R (soil aggregate stability) (ln J/m^3)

0

ag_stab

# aslagm(1,s), R (soil aggregate geom. mean dia.) (mm)

0

ag_gmd

# aslagn(1,s), R (soil aggregate min. dia.) (mm)

0

ag_min

# aslagx(1,s), R (soil aggregate max. dia.) (mm)

0

ag_max

# as0ags(1,s), R (soil aggregate geo. std. dev.)

0

ag_std

# asfcr(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Surface crust fraction (m^2/m^2)

0

crust_cv

# aszcr(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Surface crust thickness (mm)

0

crust_z(mm)

# asflos(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Fraction of loose material on surface (m^2/m^2)

0

los_cv

# asmlos(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Mass of loose material on crust (kg/m^2)

0

los(kg/m^2)

# asdcr(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Soil crust density (Mg/m^3)

0

cr_den(Mg/m^3)

# asecr(s), R, (s1surf.inc) Soil crust stability ln(J/kg)

0

cr_se

# aslrr(s), R, (s1sgeo.inc) Allmaras random roughness (mm)

0

rr(mm)

# aszrgh(s), R, (s1sgeo.inc) Ridge height (mm)

0

z_rgh(mm)

# asxrgs(s), R, (s1sgeo.inc) Ridge spacing (mm)

0

x_rgs(mm)

# asxrgw(s), R, (s1sgeo.inc) Ridge width (mm)

0

x_rgw(mm)

# asxrgo(s), R, (s1sgeo.inc) Ridge orientation (deg)

0

a_rgo(deg)

#

Figure 1.13 is an example of a stand-alone erosion submodel output file. It contains a listing of the inputs to the submodel, followed by the generated results labeled 'OUTPUT FROM ERODOUT.FOR'. This section lists the amount of total, suspension, and PM10 leaving each boundary and field grid cell. At the bottom of the file is the field average of each of these grid cells.

REPORT OF INPUTS (read by erodin.for)

+++ Control Flags, etc. +++

ntstep am0eif nsubr nacctr nbr am0efl

48 T 1 1 0 1

+++ SIMULATION REGION +++

orientation and dimensions of sim region

amasim(deg) amxsim - (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

0.00 0.00 0.00 276.00 276.00

+++ ACCOUNTING REGIONS +++

nacctr - number of accounting regions

1

accounting region dimensions (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

0.00 0.00 276.00 276.00

+++ BARRIERS +++

no barriers

+++ SUBREGIONS +++

nsubr - number of subregions

1

subregion dimensions (x1,y1) (x2,y2)

0.00 0.00 276.00 276.00

*********************** Subregion 1 ***********************

+++ BIOMASS +++

Biomass ht, SAI, LAI, flat cover

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

+++ SOIL +++

nslay - number of soil layers

3

layer depth b.density vfsand sand silt clay rock vol

1 230.00 1.05 0.14 0.22 0.71 0.08 0.00

2 680.00 1.05 0.14 0.22 0.71 0.08 0.00

3 610.00 1.05 0.14 0.22 0.71 0.08 0.00

layer AgD AgS GMD GMDmn GMDmx GSD

1 1.87 1.00 1.64 0.01 36.73 15.13

2 2.00 1.87 7.68 0.01 41.79 16.17

3 2.00 1.87 30.00 0.01 70.96 9.98

Cr frac mass LOS frac.LOS, density stability

0.00 0.00 0.00 1.87 1.87

RR, Rg ht, width, spacing, orient., dike spacing

1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

+++ HYDROLOGY +++

Snow depth (mm)

0.00000000E+00

layer wilting and actual water contents

1 0.05 0.02

2 0.05 0.02

3 0.05 0.02

Hourly water contents - ahrwc0

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

+++ WEATHER +++

anemht awwzo wzoflg

2.00000000 25.0000000 1

wind dir (deg) and max wind speed (m/s)

250.00 11.86

Wind speeds (m/s) - 48 intervals

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19

2.76 3.47 4.00 4.44 4.84 5.20

5.54 5.87 6.20 6.53 6.86 7.20

7.56 7.95 8.39 8.91 9.57 10.64

11.86 10.02 9.21 8.64 8.16 7.75

7.38 7.03 6.69 6.36 6.04 5.71

5.37 5.02 4.64 4.23 3.75 3.15

2.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

END OF INPUTS

OUTPUT FROM ERODOUT.FOR

Total grid size: ( 31 , 31 ) Inner grid size: ( 29 , 29 )

Passing Border Grid Cells - Total egt (kg/m)

top(i=1,imax-1,j=jmax) bottom(i=1,imax-1,j=0) right(i=imax,j=1,jmax-1) left(i=0, j=1,jmax-1)

0.72 1.98 3.58 5.51 7.90 10.63 13.56 16.56 19.55 22.35 24.57 26.02 26.87 27.36 27.64 27.79 27.88 27.92 27.95 27.96 27.97 27.98 27.98 27.98 27.98 27.98 27.98 27.98 27.98

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

13.93 37.80 59.60 70.80 74.85 76.21 76.66 76.81 76.86 76.87 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88 76.88

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Passing Border Grid Cells - Suspension egtss (kg/m)

top (i=1,imax-1, j=jmax) bottom (i=1,imax-1, j=0) right (i=imax, j=1,jmax-1) left (i=0, j=1,jmax-1)

0.21 0.72 1.65 3.09 5.03 7.52 10.57 14.18 18.34 23.03 28.15 33.59 39.21 44.95 50.76 56.59 62.45 68.32 74.20 80.08 85.96 91.85 97.73 103.61 109.50 115.38 121.26 127.15 133.03

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

10.00 33.70 67.44 105.62 144.28 181.22 215.22 245.57 271.88 294.03 312.14 326.54 337.67 346.04 352.18 356.56 359.62 361.70 363.09 364.00 364.58 364.95 365.17 365.31 365.39 365.44 365.46 365.48 365.49

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Passing Border Grid Cells - PM10 egt10 (kg/m)

top (i=1,imax-1, j=jmax) bottom (i=1,imax-1, j=0) right (i=imax, j=1,jmax-1) left (i=0, j=1,jmax-1)

0.0046 0.0193 0.0473 0.0912 0.1488 0.2196 0.3027 0.3977 0.5039 0.6207 0.7463 0.8784 1.0145 1.1531 1.2931 1.4338 1.5750 1.7164 1.8579 1.9995 2.1412 2.2828 2.4245 2.5662 2.7079 2.8496 2.9913 3.1329 3.2746

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.3050 0.9706 1.8304 2.7605 3.6919 4.5786 5.3937 6.1209 6.7510 7.2814 7.7153 8.0603 8.3271 8.5281 8.6755 8.7810 8.8547 8.9051 8.9387 8.9607 8.9748 8.9836 8.9891 8.9924 8.9944 8.9956 8.9963 8.9966 8.9969

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Leaving Field Grid Cells - Total egt (kg/m^2)

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.51 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.73 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.87 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.72 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.12 -1.99 -1.88 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.72 -1.91 -2.06 -2.16 -2.13 -1.99 -1.88 -1.80 -1.76 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.72 -1.90 -2.05 -2.16 -2.13 -2.00 -1.89 -1.81 -1.76 -1.74 -1.72 -1.71 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.25 -1.50 -1.71 -1.89 -2.04 -2.15 -2.14 -2.02 -1.90 -1.82 -1.77 -1.74 -1.72 -1.71 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.97 -1.24 -1.49 -1.70 -1.88 -2.03 -2.14 -2.15 -2.04 -1.93 -1.84 -1.79 -1.75 -1.73 -1.72 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.96 -1.23 -1.48 -1.68 -1.86 -2.00 -2.12 -2.16 -2.09 -1.97 -1.88 -1.82 -1.78 -1.75 -1.74 -1.73 -1.72 -1.72 -1.72 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71 -1.71

-0.27 -0.51 -0.73 -0.95 -1.21 -1.45 -1.65 -1.81 -1.96 -2.08 -2.16 -2.14 -2.05 -1.96 -1.89 -1.84 -1.80 -1.78 -1.77 -1.76 -1.75 -1.75 -1.74 -1.74 -1.74 -1.74 -1.74 -1.74 -1.74

-0.26 -0.50 -0.72 -0.93 -1.18 -1.40 -1.59 -1.75 -1.89 -2.01 -2.10 -2.16 -2.15 -2.09 -2.02 -1.97 -1.92 -1.89 -1.87 -1.85 -1.84 -1.83 -1.82 -1.82 -1.82 -1.81 -1.81 -1.81 -1.81

-0.26 -0.49 -0.70 -0.88 -1.12 -1.32 -1.50 -1.65 -1.78 -1.89 -1.98 -2.07 -2.13 -2.16 -2.17 -2.15 -2.13 -2.10 -2.08 -2.06 -2.04 -2.03 -2.02 -2.01 -2.01 -2.00 -2.00 -1.99 -1.99

-0.26 -0.47 -0.67 -0.81 -1.01 -1.19 -1.35 -1.49 -1.61 -1.71 -1.79 -1.87 -1.94 -1.99 -2.04 -2.08 -2.11 -2.13 -2.15 -2.16 -2.17 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18 -2.18

-0.24 -0.41 -0.59 -0.72 -0.81 -0.96 -1.08 -1.20 -1.30 -1.38 -1.45 -1.52 -1.57 -1.62 -1.66 -1.69 -1.72 -1.74 -1.76 -1.78 -1.80 -1.81 -1.82 -1.82 -1.83 -1.83 -1.84 -1.84 -1.84

-0.20 -0.30 -0.40 -0.50 -0.59 -0.65 -0.70 -0.74 -0.76 -0.79 -0.82 -0.84 -0.86 -0.87 -0.88 -0.89 -0.90 -0.90 -0.91 -0.91 -0.91 -0.91 -0.92 -0.92 -0.92 -0.92 -0.92 -0.92 -0.92

Leaving Field Grid Cells - Suspension egtss (kg/m^2)

-0.06 -0.15 -0.27 -0.41 -0.56 -0.72 -0.88 -1.04 -1.20 -1.35 -1.48 -1.57 -1.62 -1.66 -1.68 -1.69 -1.69 -1.69 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.06 -0.15 -0.27 -0.41 -0.56 -0.72 -0.88 -1.04 -1.20 -1.35 -1.48 -1.57 -1.62 -1.66 -1.68 -1.69 -1.69 -1.69 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

-0.06 -0.15 -0.27 -0.41 -0.56 -0.72 -0.88 -1.04 -1.20 -1.35 -1.48 -1.57 -1.62 -1.66 -1.68 -1.69 -1.69 -1.69 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70 -1.70

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

.

Leaving Field Grid Cells - PM10 egt10 (kg/m^2)

-0.0013 -0.0043 -0.0081 -0.0127 -0.0166 -0.0204 -0.0240 -0.0274 -0.0307 -0.0337 -0.0363 -0.0381 -0.0393 -0.0400 -0.0404 -0.0406 -0.0408 -0.0408 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409

-0.0013 -0.0043 -0.0081 -0.0127 -0.0166 -0.0204 -0.0240 -0.0274 -0.0307 -0.0337 -0.0363 -0.0381 -0.0393 -0.0400 -0.0404 -0.0406 -0.0408 -0.0408 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409

-0.0013 -0.0043 -0.0081 -0.0127 -0.0166 -0.0204 -0.0240 -0.0274 -0.0307 -0.0337 -0.0363 -0.0381 -0.0393 -0.0400 -0.0404 -0.0406 -0.0408 -0.0408 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409 -0.0409

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

.

**Averages - Field

Total salt/creep susp PM10

egt egtss egt10

-----------------kg/m^2--------------------

-1.58 -0.34 -1.24 -0.0308

**Averages - Crossing Boundaries

Location Total Suspension PM10

--------------------kg/—--------------------

top 21.59 55.45 1.39

bottom 0.00 0.00 0.00

right 72.45 287.44 7.12

left 0.00 0.00 0.00

Comparision of interior & boundary loss

interior boundary int/bnd ratio

-120593.77 120593.91 -1.00

repeat of total, salt/creep, susp, PM10: 1.58 0.34 1.24 0.0308

References

Allmaras R.R., R.E. Burwell, W.E. Larson, and R.F. Holt. 1966. Total porosity and random roughness of the interrow zone as influenced by tillage. USDA Conservation Research Report 1966, Vol. 7, p. 1-22.

Baumer, O.W. 1990. Prediction of soil hydraulic parameters. IN: WEPP Data Files for Indiana. SCS National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE.

Flanagan, D.C., J.C. Ascough II, M.A. Nearing, and J.M. Laflen. 2001. Chapter 7: The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) Model. In Landscape Erosion and Evolution Modeling, R.S. Harmon and W.W. Doe III, eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA. 51 pp.

Post, D.F., A. Fimbres, A.D. Matthias, E.E. Sano, L. Accioly, A.K. Batchily, and L.G. Ferreira. 2000. Predicting soil albedo from color value and spectral reflectance data. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64:1027-1034.

Rawls, W.J. 1983. Estimating soil bulk density from particle size analysis and organic matter content. Soil Sci. 135(2):123-125.

Saxton, K. E., W.J. Rawls, J.S. Romberger, and R. I. Papendick. 1986. Estimating generalized soil-water characteristics from texture. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 50(4):1031-1036.

Soil Survey Staff. 1996. Soil survey laboratory method manual. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42, Version 3.0. USDA-NRCS, Washington, DC.

Wagner, LE. 1997. Wind erosion prediction system (WEPS): Overview. Wind Erosion - An International Symposium /Workshop. June 3-5, Manhattan, KS, USA.